Vlasta Kálalová - Di Lotti (October 26, 1896 in Bernartice - February 15, 1971 in Písek) was a Czech physician interested in tropical diseases and entomology. She established the Czechoslovak Surgical Institute in Baghdad, where she was a director between 1925 and 1933. She married the Italian Giorgio di Lotti, they had two children - Radbor and Drahomíra Lydie.
Her entire family was wiped out by accidental shooting from German troops on 8 May 1945, at the very moment of Czech liberation. She barely survived the accident herself. In 1947, she attended an international women's conference in USA, held by Eleanor Roosevelt. Here she befriended the Norwegian author Ingeborg Refling Hagen among others.
Apart from her medical skills, Vlasta was fluent in several languages. She also worked as a translator.